吉林省绿豆种质资源遗传多样性SSR分析及指纹图谱构建

摘要

为分析吉林地区绿豆种质资源遗传多样性并构建DNA指纹图谱,明确吉林省绿豆资源遗传背景及品种真伪鉴定提供依据,以吉林省74份绿豆品种为材料,利用9对多态性丰富的SSR引物对其进行遗传多样性分析及SSR指纹图谱构建.9对SSR引物共检测到40个等位基因,每对引物检测到2～9个,平均为4.44,PIC值变幅介于0.076 8～0.725 4之间,平均为0.45;品种间遗传相似系数变幅介于0.111 1～1.000 0之间,平均为0.499 0.遗传相似系数在0.6 ～1.0之间有1 159个,占全部数据的42.91％;UPGMA聚类分析结果显示,在遗传相似系数为0.503 7的阈值处,可将74份绿豆材料分为三大类群,相同地理来源品种大多成簇分布;基于检测结果构建了0/1格式的DNA指纹图谱和分子身份证,为吉林省绿豆品种区分鉴别提供参考.吉林省绿豆品种间亲缘关系较近,遗传背景狭窄,遗传相似度较高,今后应加强种质资源引进与创新以丰富该地区绿豆资源遗传多样性;SSR指纹图谱及分子身份证的构建对绿豆品种真伪鉴定、溯源管理及原产地保护具有重要意义.%The purpose of this research is to investigate the genetic diversity,differentiation of cultivated mungbean germplasm resources and establish SSR fingerprinting database of mungbean varieties from Jilin province of China,providing useful information for exploration of the background and identification of mungbean.The genetic diversity of 74 kinds of mungbeans from Jilin Province were analyzed by using 9 pairs of SSR primers with polymorphism,and their DNA fingerprint were also constructed by using 9 pairs of SSR primers distributed.A total of 40 alleles were identified with an average of 4.44 alleles per locus,from 2 to 9 in each,specifically.The polymorphic information content(PIC) and Nei's gene diversity(H) of tested materials detected by different primers varied from 0.076 8 to 0.725 4 and 0.195 5 to 1.688 9,and with an average of 0.45 and 2.35.The genetic similarity coefficient of SSR markers among 74 mungbean varieties ranged from 0.111 1 to 1.000 0,with average 0.499 0,and the genetic similarity coefficient of 42.91％ tested materials ranged from 0.60 to 1.0.Furthermore,the UPGMA(unweight pair group method with arithmetic mean) clustering analysis at the genetic similarity value of 0.503 7 grouped the 74 mungbean varieties into three groups.Based on the test results,the DNA fingerprint formed 0/1 was constructed,providing reference for identification and differentiation of Mungbean Varieties of Jilin Province.The genetic relationship among mungbean varieties in Jilin was close,and the genetic background comparability of the mungbean varieties in Jilin Province was narrow and the diversity was small.Therefore,introducing and making use of the new germplasm genetic resources and creating breeding materials should be strengthened;The construction of SSR fingerprint is of great significance to the identification,traceability management and protection of origin of mungbean varieties.