在通过1∶1有砟轨道模型试验分析轨枕空吊对路基不均匀沉降引起有砟轨道沉降影响规律的基础上,基于弹性点支承理论模型,引入路基不均匀沉降非线性边界条件,提出路基不均匀沉降引起轨枕临界空吊计算方法.结果表明:当路基的纵向不均匀沉降槽面积较小且未引起轨枕空吊时,轨面与路基不均匀沉降槽的面积比为1；随路基不均匀沉降增加,当面积比小于1时,将出现轨枕空吊现象,面积比将随路基不均匀沉降增加而减小.将该计算方法应用于模型试验中,通过对比轨枕空吊计算结果与试验结果,对计算方法进行验证.%By the 1:1 model test of ballasted track, the influence of unsupported sleepers to the process of track settlement caused by differential subgrade settlement was studied. On the basis of the continuous elastic point supported beam model, the nonlinearity boundary conditions of differential subgrade settlement were introduced and the calculation method of unsupported sleepers caused by differential subgrade settlement was put forward. The results show as follows: When the areas of longitudinal differential subgrade settlements are small and do not cause sleepers to be unsupported, the ratio of the area of track settlement to the area of differential subgrade settlement is 1; along with developing of differential subgrade settlements, once the ratio of the area of track settlement to the area of differential subgrade settlement is less than 1, the phenomenon that sleepers are unsupported will appear and the ratio of areas decrease with increasing of differential subgrade settlements. The proposed calculation method was applied in the model test to compare the calculation results and test results for unsupported sleepers and so help the calculation method to get verified.
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