异化理论的发展及启示--从马克思、卢卡奇、弗洛姆异化理论对比的维度

摘要

异化是一个有着悠久历史的理论范畴，自马克思提出劳动异化理论后，异化理论便对后世产生了深远的影响。卢卡奇继承了马克思的思想，提出了物化理论，批判了资本主义异化现象；弗洛姆则将马克思的劳动异化理论和弗洛伊德心理分析结合，从文化工业影响的角度描述异化现象。马克思、卢卡奇和弗洛姆的异化理论都关注社会中人的生存问题，但侧重点不同。通过对三位学者异化理论的梳理分析，能够对我国当前人的生存样态分析提供参考，并为我国精神文明建设提供一个借鉴。%This alienation has a long history of theoretical categories,since the labor theory of alienation Marx,on the later had a profound impact.Lukacs inherited the ideas of Marx proposed materialized theory,critique of capitalism alienation;Fromm will Marxism and Freudian psychoanalysis combination described alienation from the perspective of the impact of cultural industries.Marx,Lukacs and Fromm's theory of alienation are concerned about the survival of the human society,but the focus is different.By combing three scholars to explore the theory of alienation,people can survive on our current state analysis provides a reference sample to provide a basis for our spiritual civilization.