轻质、高强、隔热多孔陶瓷材料的研究进展

摘要

随着航空航天领域的发展,航天飞行器对热防护材料和结构提出了更高的要求,需要发展具有更高使用温度、更小密度、更好隔热性能和更强力学性能的新型热防护材料,耐高温多孔陶瓷是其中的一类重要候选材料.本文总结了作者的课题组近年来在轻质、高强、隔热多孔陶瓷材料方面的研究进展,介绍了耐高温多孔陶瓷材料一些新颖的制备工艺、多孔结构的调控、热/力性能的匹配等.并对未来的发展方向做了简单的展望.%With the development of aerospace industry, higher requirements have been presented on heat protective materials and structures for aerospace vehicles. Some novel heat protective materials with higher service temperature, lower density, and higher heat-insulating performance and mechanical properties must be developed to meet the requirements, among which high temperature porous ceramics are one kind of candidates. This paper gives a brief review of the recent research progress on lightweight, high strength and heat-insulating porous ceramics by the author's group, including some new preparation techniques and adjusting methods of porous structure, thermal and mechanical properties. Finally, a simple prediction is given on future development trend in heat-protective materials.