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非线性油气悬架系统平顺性仿真与参数优化设计

     

摘要

Based on the bench test of hydro-pneumatic suspension, the model of engineering dump truck with eight degrees of freedom was set up, including five square stiffness and cubic damping characteristics. The simulation model was established by SIMULINK and validated by test. The most suitable optimized parameters were achieved according to sensitivity analysis, and then the optimal design model was established by taking ride comfort as optimization objective. The optimal stiffness and damping curves were obtained after the combined optimization design between SIMULINK and GA algorithm. The results show that the stiffness and damping characteristics of hydro-pneumatic suspension need to be optimized to improve ride comfort. The root mean square values of different seat accelerations are brought down by 17.3%, 18.8%, 25.8%, and the vehicle ride comfort can be significantly improved.%基于油气悬架台架实验,建立工程自卸车八自由度数学模型,该模型包含刚度五次方非线性和阻尼立方非线性.在此基础上利用SIMULINK建立仿真模型,并用实验验证仿真模型的正确性.通过对油气悬架参数的灵敏度分析,确定优化变量,然后以行驶平顺性为优化目标,建立油气悬架参数优化模型,利用SIMULINK、遗传算法对油气悬架参数进行联合优化设计,得到油气悬架理想的非线性刚度和阻尼特性曲线.仿真分析与实验结果表明:油气悬架的减振特性需要进一步优化设计.优化后,各车速下座椅的加权加速度均方根值分别降低了约17.3%,18.8%,25.8%,油气悬架的减振性能和整车行驶平顺性得到明显改善.

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