儿童的教育需要儿科医师的积极参与，尤其是特殊教育领域。特殊教育之所以特殊，是因为教育对象不是普通儿童，而是特殊儿童，是医学意义上的“患儿”。由于不同疾病对学习能力的影响不同、同一疾病不同部位病变对学习能力的影响也不同、各种疾病的预后存在客观规律、现行的医院康复模式并不适应特殊教育的需求，医教结合存在客观必要性。教学实践中的医学问题还包括儿童入学年龄问题、多动症的标签问题、生长发育规律与教学规律问题等。在分析这些问题的基础上，沈晓明教授提出改革特殊教育师资培养模式和课程体系、建立特殊教育的工作制度并制定相应的工作规范、建立若干基于学校的儿童康复治疗中心等建议。%Pediatricians are indispensable to education, special education in particular. The objects of special education are not ordinary children, but pediatric patients instead. Due to the facts that different diseases may have different impact on learning ability, different manifestations of one disease may also lead to different performance of learning ability, there are objective rules for outcomes of various diseases, and the current hospital-based rehabilitation mode can not meet the requirements of special education, health and education partnership is of vital importance. The medical problems in teaching practice may involve school admission age, identification of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and relationship between growth and developmental patterns and teaching regulations. In addressing these problems, Professor SHEN Xiaoming calls for the reform of cultivation program and curricula system for teachers of special education, employment of working rules and standard of special education, and establishment of school-based rehabilitation centers.
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