控制力矩陀螺驱动空间机器人的角动量平衡控制

摘要

针对V构型控制力矩陀螺(CMGs)驱动的冗余空间机器人的CMGs角动量饱和问题,提出一种角动量平衡控制方法.该方法从平衡使用机械臂各臂杆CMGs角动量的思想出发,定义了角动量平衡指标,并使用加速度分解技术和逆动力学方法设计了角动量平衡控制器.该控制器可在保证机械臂跟踪工作空间轨迹的同时,利用机械臂的空转运动使得角动量平衡指标尽量减小,即各臂CMGs的角动量使用趋于平均,从而降低某些臂杆的CMGs先行饱和的可能性,充分利用CMGs的控制能力.基于平面三自由度冗余机械臂的数值仿真结果验证了所设计的控制器的有效性.%An angular momentum equalization control method was proposed for redundant space robot with scissored-pair control moment gyroscopes (CMGs) for joint actuation.This method utilizes the space robot' s extra degrees of freedom to equalize momentum usage among arm links,thus achieving CMGs' simultaneous saturation and better trajectory tracking ability.A momentum equalization index was defined following the idea of equal momentum usage to achieve simultaneous CMGs saturation.A control technique was developed based on acceleration-level redundancy resolution and inverse dynamics control,with precious operational space tracking ability and momentum equalization index local minimization functionality.The local minimization of momentum equalization index serves as a means to use angular momenta as equally as possible,which decreases the possibility of non-simultaneous saturation and takes full advantage of the CMGs' angular momentum capacity.A planar three degree-of-freedom redundant manipulator was used in numerical simulation to verify the effectiveness of the control technique.