再入飞行器平飞段多约束制导方法

摘要

Aiming at reentry vehicle,a guidance algorithm which can satisfy terminal impact point and constraints of latitude and longitude,altitude and speed was proposed.The needing overloading was introduced into guidance design in level-plane and turning-plane,and feedback linearization method was introduced to simplify the guidance model construction for level flight and zero turning errors.The terminal velocity was resolved by the differential analysis of range and velocity,and the velocity reduction control was realized by lateral maneuvering based on the residual velocity.The overload was converted into the attitude angle to complete the guidance task.An analytic predictor method was treated into velocity control.The results of CAV-H vehicle test show that this method can guide the vehicle to level flight and satisfy terminal multiple-constraint while disturbances existing,and the proposed guidance law can offer reference for high precision and strong robustness guidance of reentry vehicle in level phase.%以再入飞行器为背景，研究了可满足终端经纬度、高度及速度约束的平飞制导方法。在纵向及侧向2个通道内分别引入需要过载作为中间控制量，以简化运动方程及制导律设计；针对运动方程的非线性特征，利用反馈线性化方法分别推导了可实现等高飞行并消除航向偏差的过载指令；利用射程微分及速度微分解析预测终端速度，根据剩余速度添加侧向机动以实现减速控制；最后将需要过载转化为姿态角指令以完成制导任务。CAV-H 飞行器制导实例仿真表明，该方法能够实现等高飞行并高精度地满足终端约束，对初始偏差具有较强的鲁棒性，并能完成多样化的制导任务。