中国轻型汽车排放控制标准的进展

摘要

加严汽车排放标准是控制汽车污染物排放、改善空气质量的有效途径.作为中国大陆机动车的主要组成部分,轻型汽车是HC和CO排放的重要排放源,控制其排放一直是防治空气污染的重点工作.该文介绍了中国大陆、日本及欧美发达国家汽车排放控制标准的进展情况,分析了中国大陆第6阶段轻型汽车排放控制标准的特点:延续欧盟标准体系,但严于欧洲汽车排放标准限值;导入世界轻型车辆测试循环;借鉴美国标准加强蒸发排放控制.文中提出了从排放控制技术、油品质量和汽车在线诊断(OBD)监管等方面着手的轻型车辆排放控制思路,展望了排放控制的未来发展动向进行.%Elevating standards for vehicle emissions is an effective approach to control vehicular emissions and improve air quality.Light-duty vehicles are the major contributors of HC and CO emissions for its large proportion in vehicle population,and controlling the light-duty vehicular emissions has always been the emphasis of air pollution prevention in China.The progress of the emission control standards in Chinese Mainland,Japan and developed countries in Europe and America were firstly introduced.And the features of China 6 emission standards were analyzed,namely continuation of European standards,import of World LightDuty Test Cycle,reference of American standards.Then the control method of light-duty vehicular emissions was proposed based on the analysis of the emission control technology,improvement of automotive fuels and the supervision of on-board diagnostics (OBD).The future development of emissions standards and emission control technologies were prospected.