激光移除空间碎片过程的三维仿真与建模

摘要

This paper establishes a laser irradiation three-dimensional orbit dynamic model based on the theory of orbital mechanics and the interaction effects between laser and matters.With the position vector and velocity vector regarded as the initial data,and setting the parameters of laser,this model calculates the velocity and provides the real-time updates,which can actually reflect the process of the debris removal.It contains the ground-based and space-based models,both of them can output the orbit information of the debris real-time updates,and the graphical output directly displays the process of the orbital transfer.The effect of the velocity increment component on the orbit inclination is taken into consideration,thus this model can deal with the situation of the debris escape.Moreover,we successfully calculate the removal process and the result of various debris using ground-/space-based model.We suppose that it is the most difficult to remove steel,while multilayered insulation removal is the most efficient.%基于轨道力学和激光与物质相互作用理论建立激光移除空间碎片的三维变轨模型.该模型利用激光站/卫星与碎片位置和速度矢量作为初始数据,通过设定激光参数,实时计算和更新速度增量矢量,能够真实地反映碎片的移除过程.该模型包括地基和天基两种类型,根据激光作用临界条件与降轨效果计算碎片的降轨过程,能够实时输出碎片轨道信息,图形化输出使结果更加直观.考虑到速度增量分量对轨道倾角的影响,该模型增加了碎片逃逸情况的判断.最后,利用该模型计算了地基/天基系统移除多种空间碎片材料的过程和效果,发现钢材料碎片移除难度最大,而移除多层绝缘材料的效率最高.