温度对泥鳅受精卵孵化和仔鱼活力的影响研究

摘要

[目的]了解温度对泥鳅仔鱼孵化和仔鱼活力的影响.[方法]在不同温度(18、21、24、27、30和33℃)下,研究泥鳅受精卵的培育周期、孵化周期、孵化率和畸形率,对初孵的泥鳅仔鱼进行耐饥饿试验,测定其不投饵存活系数(SAI).[结果]当温度为18～33℃时,泥鳅受精卵的培育周期和孵化周期随温度的升高而缩短.当温度为18℃时,泥鳅受精卵的培育周期和孵化周期最长,分别为39.43和10.13 h.当温度为21 ～27℃时,受精卵孵化率达80％以上,且初孵仔鱼的畸形率较低.当温度为18 ～30℃时,初孵仔鱼在24 h和48 h存活率都相对较高.不投饵存活系数(SAI)随温度的增长呈先升后降的变化趋势.当温度为24℃时,仔鱼的SAI值最高(27.01).[结论]泥鳅受精卵孵化的适宜温度为21 ～27℃,仔鱼生存的适宜温度为21～24℃.%[Objective] The aim was to know the effects of temperature on the hatch of fertilized eggs and larval activity of Misgurnus anguillicau-datus. [Method] The incubation period, hatching period, hatching rate and deformity rate of fertilized eggs of M. Anguillicaudatus at different tem-peratures( 18,21,24,27,30 and 33 ℃ )were studied. The survival activity index (SAI) of newly-hatched larvae of M. Anguillicaudatus were measured by the starvation tolerance test. [Result]In the temperature range of 18 -33 ℃ ,the incubation period and hatching period of the fertilized eggs of M. Anguillicaudatus shortened along with the rising of the temperature. When the temperature was 18 ℃ ,the incubation period and hatching period of the fertilized eggs of M. Anguillicaudatus were the longest, being 39.43 and 10.13 h respectively. When the temperature was 21 -27 ℃ , the hatching rate of the fertilized eggs reached more than 80% and the deformity rate of newly-hatched larvae was lower. 24 h and 48 h surviving rate of newly-hatched larvae were relatively higher at the temperature of 18 - 30 ℃. And SAI showed the change trends of first increase and then decrease with the rising of the temperature. When the temperature was 24 ℃ ,SAI of the larva was the highest(27.01). [Conclusion] The suitable temperature for the hatch of the fertilized eggs of M. Anguillicaudatus was 21 - 27 ℃ and the suitable temperature for the survival of M. Anguillicaudatus larva was 21 - 24 ℃.