非溶液体系下酶解条件对烟草梗丝中细胞壁物质的影响

摘要

[Objective] The study aimed to optimize the technology conditions for the composite enzyme degradation of the cutting stem tobacco. [Method] By using the response surface experimental design combined with the practical production process, the technology conditions for the composite enzyme degradation of the cutting stem tobacco were optimized, the second item fitting mathematical equation was established and the main factor effects of the enzymatic conditions and their interactive relationship under the non-solution system and the changes of the cutting stem surface before and after the reaction were studied. [Result] The optimum technology conditions for the composite enzyme degradation of the cutting stem tobacco were confirmed as follows: the temperature of 45 ℃ , moisture of 40% , pectinaseⅠof 20 U/g, pectinaseⅡ of 400 U/g, crude enzyme of 2%. The interactive relationship of enzymatic conditions was not significant under the non-solution system. The surface of cutting stem was changed greatly before and after the reaction, the pectin degradation was significantly, thus the cellulose coated by the pectin was exposed out. [ Conclusion ] Before the enzyme reaction, it was better to use the methods of the acid-base, blasting, microwave or ultrasonic and so on to damage the compact structure and cellulose crystallization of the cutting stem tobacco in order to improve the enzyme degradation effects.%[目的]在非溶液体系下优化复合酶降解烟草梗丝的工艺条件.[方法]通过响应面试验设计和结合实际生产工艺的方法,优化了复合酶降解梗丝的工艺条件,建立了二次项拟合的数学方程,研究了在非溶液体系下酶解条件主因素影响效应、交互作用的影响及反应前后梗丝表面的变化情况.[结果]确定了复合酶降解梗丝的最佳工艺条件:温度45C,水分40％,果胶酶Ⅰ 20 U/g,果胶酶Ⅱ400U/g,粗酶液2％；在非溶液体系下,酶解条件交互作用不显著；反应前后梗丝表面变化明显,果胶降解显著,暴露出纤维素管束.[结论]酶反应前烟梗最好利用酸碱、爆破、微波或超声波等方法破坏其致密结构和纤维素结晶,以提高酶降解效果.