丑的四种历史形态

摘要

In primitive times, ugliness is a frightening deformation;in classical society, ugliness is a ludicrous unreasonable eccentricity;in modern society, it is an exciting head-on confrontation between goodness and evil and between beauty and ugliness which approximates to the sublime;in contemporary society, ugliness stems from the absence of beauty and good-ness which makes for an absurdity where the world is chaotic and life is meaningless and insupportable.Ugliness of the de-formed, ugliness of the ludicrous, ugliness of the sublime and ugliness of the absurd-these are the four historical forms of ugliness in man′s study of it.%在原始时代，丑是一种令人恐惧的畸恶；在古典社会，丑是一种令人发笑、悖情逆理的滑稽；在现代社会，丑是一种令人亢奋的，美丑善恶正面、大规模对抗的崇高；在当代社会，丑是一种因美善缺场，因而使世界无序、人生无谓，令人无聊的荒诞。畸恶之丑、滑稽之丑、崇高之丑与荒诞之丑在人类审丑史上相续而生，构成丑范畴之四大历史形态。