为了了解杉木育种群体的遗传多样性,并合理地划分杉木杂种优势群,以期为杂交亲本选配服务.本研究借助ISSR分子标记技术,对遂昌县1.5代杉木种子园(兼作育种群体)40个亲本的遗传多样性进行了研究,在此基础上,采用DPS软件划分杂种优势群.研究结果发现:(1)杉木育种园育种群体具有较高的遗传多样性,具有较大的改良潜力;(2)根据亲本间的分子遗传距离,杉木育种群体可划分为4个杂种优势群:(3)每个杂种优势群中均有优良的母本或父本,不同杂种优势群中的优良母本和父本进行组配,遂昌县杉木育种园中可获得有希望的优良杂交组合60对;这些拟优良杂交组合中一些组合的速生性,在林业生产实践中得到了印证,例如龙15×1339、1419×1339、1278×1258等组合表现优良,杉木一代杂种龙15×闽33、丽55×丽13也是不同的杂种优势群间产生的.这些拟优良组合为指导杉木的杂交育种提供了科学依据.%In order to study genetic diversity of Cunninghamia lanceolata breeding population, reasonably divide heterotic groups of parental population, and provide scientific basis for cross breeding, by means of the technique of molecular marker of ISSR, genetic diversity of 40 parents in1.5 generation of C. lanceolata seed orchard (as breeding group) had been studied, and on this basis, DPS software was used to divide heterotic groups. The results showed as follows: (1) There is higher genetic diversity in breeding population of C. lanceolata, and has great improvement potential; (2) On this basis, cluster analysis was used by molecular genetic distance, breeding population composed of 40 parent clones has been divided into 4 heterotic groups at molecular genetic distance equaling to 0.60; (3) There were better male or female parents in each different heterotic groups, the matching of fine female and male between different heterotic groups, 60 promising cross combinations have been produced by parents matching, some excellent cross combinations have been proved in the practice of forestry production, for example: Long15 × 1339, 1419 ×1339, 1278 × 1258; even one generation hybrid of C. lanceolata: Long 15 ×Min 33, Li 55×Li 13 are also produced by different heterotic groups. These Quasi-fine combinations provide a scientific basis for the hybrid breeding of C. lanceolata.
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