To provide a theoretical basis for an effective way to conserve Fengjing swine, the genetic diversity of two generations (0 and 1) was detected by a total of 30 pairs of microsatellite markers at genome-wide level. A total of 143 alleles were detected in the overall Fengjing swine population. The effective allele numbers (Ne) of generations 0 and 1 were 2. 815 1 and 3.012 9, respectively. In generations 0 and 1, the polymorphism information contents (PIC) were 0. 537 5 and 0. 568 4, respectively, the expected heterozygote frequencies (He) were 0.617 1 and 0. 635 6, respectively, and the inbreeding coefficients (Fis) were -0. 332 and -0. 325, respectively. In conclusion, Fengjing swine was of a more richness in genetic diversity. The real-time monitoring on the change of genetic diversity and expanding population size should be acted in the future conservation of Fengjing swine. And more attention should be paid to some alleles with low frequencies to avoid loss during generation passage.%为了解枫泾猪群体遗传多样性的现状,评价枫泾猪的保种效果,采用ISAG/FAO联合推荐的30对微卫星标记对枫泾猪2个世代(0世代和1世代)群体的遗传多样性进行检测.结果共检测到143个等位基因,平均为4.767；0世代与1世代猪群的平均有效等位基因分别为:2.815 1、3.012 9；平均多态信息含量(PIC)分别为0.537 5、0.568 4；平均期望杂合度(He)分别为0.617 1、0.635 6；近交系数(Fis)分别为-0.332、-0.325.研究结果表明,枫泾猪群体内遗传变异多,遗传多样性丰富,在今后的保种工作中,应扩大保种群的规模,实时监测群体的遗传多样性,并避免低频率等位基因丢失.
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