扩散张量成像对胶质瘤分级的应用价值

摘要

Gliomas are the most common primary malignant brain tumors. Glioma grading is an important factor influencing the choice of therapy and prognosis. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is the only function imaging method currently which can be used to non-invasively detect microstructure tissue in vivo. DTI is sensitive to water molecule movement. The movement is less restricted along the direction of white matter axons, and gliomas tumor cell infiltration is mainly along the white matter tracts. The neural axis diffusion rate is 3.7%~5.3%in low-grade gliomas, while it is 10%~27%in high-grade gliomas, therefore DTI has important value in glioma grading. We reviewed relevant DTI studies , and discussed the perspectives of DTI in glioma grading.%胶质瘤是脑内最常见的恶性肿瘤，胶质瘤分级对其治疗方案的选择及预后判断尤为重要。扩散张量成像（DTI）是目前唯一可以在活体状态下无创性检测组织微观结构的功能成像方法。 DTI对水分子运动敏感，尤其是沿着轴突纤维束分布的水分子，而胶质瘤肿瘤细胞浸润主要沿着白质神经束走行，低级别胶质瘤的神经轴扩散率为3.7%~5.3%，而高级别胶质瘤为10%~27%，因此DTI 对胶质瘤的分级诊断具有重要的价值。现就近年来DTI对胶质瘤分级诊断的研究现状及研究前景等方面内容进行综述。