离子液体催化制备生物柴油的研究进展

摘要

生物柴油作为一种可再生的绿色能源,一出现就被赋予了替代化石燃料的使命.研发符合环境要求、活性高的催化剂及制备工艺是推动生物柴油走向产业化的重要一步.离子液体因其蒸汽压低、化学稳定性好、循环使用性好、结构可设计等优点,在近几年生物柴油的制备研究中常被作为催化剂使用.对生物柴油离子液体催化剂的研究,从单核功能化离子液体催化剂的研究开始,到双核离子液体,直至近两年出现的离子液体聚合物催的研究.随着研究的深入,离子液体催化剂的结构与其催化活性之间逐渐出现了一定的关联性,这种关联性将为进一步深入研究催化机理奠定基础.%Biodiesel,which is a renewable green energy,has been given the mission to replace fossil fuels while appearing.It is animportant step to promote biodiesel toward industrialization by studying a kind of catalyst which accord with environmental requirments and high activity.Ionic liquids are often used as catalysts to synthesize biodiesel in recent years,because of its negligible vapor pressure,chemical stability,recyclability,designable function,etc.The research carried out from the single-cation ionic liquids to the dicationic ionic liquids until the ionic liquid polymers.With further research,some relevance gradually emerged between the structure and the catalytic activity of the ionic liquids,which will lay the foundation for further deep study of the catalytic mechanism.