《六十种曲》与明代文人心态

摘要

戏曲作品往往是现实生活的某种折射和反映,<六十种曲>是明传奇的经典选本之一,明传奇的代表作家、代表作品几乎悉入其中.<六十种曲>的作者通过人物形象的塑造和故事情节的编织传递出明代文人的心态,即追求富贵以证明自己,重视个人的感情要求从而享受生活,归隐山水信佛入道为了做个真实的自己,等等.总之,明代文人的心态表现了他们重感官享受轻精神追求的特点,这与传统意义上文人的理想人格有些距离,但更具有真实性.这是明代文人顺从自己的内心要求的结果,也是他们在残酷的现实社会中得以立足与扬名的明智而无奈的选择.%Works of the Xiqu opera is usually the reflection of reality.Sixty Songs is one of the classical collections of Ming Dynasty legends which contains the masterpieces of almost all the important writers of Ming Dynasty legends.The author of Sixty Songs shows through the characters and plots the mentality of Ming Dynasty Scholars,i.e.pursue wealth and status to verify himself,stress personal requirement of emotion to enjoy life,retire to the nature and convert to Buddhism to be his true self,etc.In a word,the mentality of Ming Dynasty scholars shows their characteristics of emphasizing sensual enjoyment and ignoring spiritual pursuit,which is somewhat different from scholars' ideal personality in the traditional sense,but is more of truth.This is the result of Ming Dynasty scholars following their own inner requirements,and also the wise and inevitable choice for them to have a place in the fierce reality.