The preparation of Calculus bovis and its compounding preparations have been used widely in clinical practice.Traditionally,the forms of medicine were in raw material medicine way,preparing tablet,pill,powder or directly taking its powder.The main active ingredient of Calculus bovi were considered to be bilirubin and bile acids.However,the traditional formulations caused low bioavailability and wasted expensive herbs because its main component were insoluble in water.In recent years,many researchers have tried to use modern preparation technology to prepare its compounding formulations,such as solid dispersion technology,ultrafine grinding technology,powder coating technology,liposome encapsulation technology,or simplifying the prescription by using of known pharmacological effects of soluble components as substitutes.These methods were considered to be feasible to develop new formulations of Calculus bovis.In this paper,in order to provide reference of method and technology for the improvement of Calculus bovis compounding preparation and the development of new dosage form,ultramicrostructure,chemical composition,improvement methods and techniques of compounding preparation were analyzed.In addition,the relevant techniques and method of improving the formulation Calculus bovis compounding preparation in recent years were reviewed.%牛黄及其复方制剂已经在临床广泛应用.传统上,牛黄多以原药材方式入药,制成片剂、丸剂、散剂,或者直接服用牛黄粉.牛黄的主要药效成分被认为是胆红素和胆汁酸类等难溶性成分,因此传统剂型生物利用度低,易造成昂贵药材的浪费.近年来研究者们尝试应用现代制剂技术如固体分散技术、超微粉碎技术、粉末包衣技术、脂质体包裹技术等制备牛黄复方制剂,或使用已知药理作用的牛黄可溶性成分作为牛黄替代品入药.简化处方也被认为是开发牛黄复方新剂型的可行方法.该文对牛黄的超微结构、化学成分、复方制剂改进方法与技术等进行总结,综述近年来关于牛黄复方制剂剂型改进的相关技术与方法,以期为牛黄复方制剂的剂型改进和新剂型研制提供参考.
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