Calculus Bovis is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine and has been used for more than two thousand years in clinic with the effects of puring heart, sweeping phlegm, resuscitation, extinguishing wind and detoxification. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, modern methods have been utilized by traditional Chinese medicine researchers in the resource identification, chemical components, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, pharmacy, clinical application, etc. It is their continually exploration that makes significant achievements for the modern research of Calculus Bovis. This article statistically analysed the literatures from 1949 to December 2015 in Pubmed, CNKI, Wanfang, Vip database etc. to review Calculus Bovis and its compound formulas, as well as its substitutes, quality control, formulation study, compound prescription, pharmacological mechanism and clinical research. The aim of this article is to provide a valuable reference for future developments and studies of Calculus Bovis.%牛黄是我国传统名贵中药,至今已有两千多年的临床应用史,具有清心、豁痰、开窍、凉肝、息风、解毒的功效.建国以来,中国的中医药研究者采用现代研究方法,在牛黄资源鉴定、化学成分、药效学、药动学、药剂学、临床应用等方面不断探索,使得牛黄的现代研究取得了显著成果.该文以文献统计分析的方式,对Pubmed、中国知网(CNKI)、万方、维普等数据库收录的建国以来至2015年12月间我国牛黄的研究文献进行统计分析,从牛黄替代品发展、牛黄质量控制、剂型研究、复方概况、药理作用机制及临床研究等几个方面回顾牛黄及其复方制剂的研究概况,以期为牛黄未来发展和研究提供有价值的参考.
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