社区老年多重用药情况及其影响因素分析

摘要

Objective To understand the problem of polypharmacy in the elderly patients suffering chronic diseases and the factors leading to the problem.Method A survey was conducted by using questionnaires and the ‘ five dimensions of health (EQ-5D) scale’to collect the data regarding the phenomenon of polypharmacy in the elderly patients.Findings On the average, 3.4 ( ±1.6) types of disease were identified and 4.6 ( ±1.7) kinds of medication were taken by the patients surveyed.As the age of the patients, the number of diseases experienced, the amount of dosage and the mount of improper use of medication increase, the compliance of pharmacy as observed and the mean of EQ-5D scores decrease (P <0.05). Conclusion Polypharmacy was found to be a common problem among the majority of the elderly patients.As the amount of drug used and the potential side effects increase and the medication compliance decreases, the safety and efficacy of medicine are significantly undermined, which may result in undesirable prognosis.%目的：探讨社区老年慢性病患者多重用药情况及其相关性影响因素。方法通过问卷及五维健康（EQ －5D）量表对社区多重用药的老年患者进行用药情况调查。结果所有被观察的老年患者合并疾病为（3．4±1．6）种，平均用药量为（4．6±1．7）种；随年龄、患病数、用药数量、不适当药物的增加，老年患者用药依从性由好到差，EQ－5D 均值呈下降趋势（P ＜0．05）。结论绝大多数老年患者都有多重用药的情况，且随着患者自身用药数量及潜在药物不良反应风险的增加、用药依从性的降低，其用药安全性及用药效果也会受到干扰。