212例ABO新生儿溶血病血清学检测结果分析

摘要

目的：通过对本地区212例ABO新生儿溶血病(ABO-HDN)实验室检测结果及影响因素进行分析，为临床诊断与治疗提供实验室依据。方法对送检的怀疑为ABO-HDN的212例新生儿血液标本进行ABO和Rh血型鉴定以及新生儿溶血3项试验检测。结果212例标本中直接抗人球蛋白试验阳性41例，占19.34%，游离抗体试验阳性31例，占14.62%，抗体释放试验阳性119例，占56.13%。A型血患儿HDN的阳性检出率高于B型患儿，女患儿HDN的阳性检出率高于男患儿，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。HDN的阳性检出率还与标本送检时间有关，患儿出生后3d内送检标本的阳性检出率最高。结论血清学检测有助于新生儿溶血病的早期诊断和治疗；标本送检时间以及新生儿的性别和血型可能对临床结果有一定影响。%Objective To investigate the serologic detection results and the influence factors of 212 cases of ABO-hemolytic disease of newborn (HDN) diagnosed in our area, and to provide the evidences for clinical diagnosis and therapy. Methods The samples of 212 suspected cases of ABO-HDN were analyzed by routine typing and three tests of ABO hemolysis. Results Of the 212 samples, direct antiglobulin test showed positive results in 41 cases (19.34%), serum free antibody test was positive in 31 cases (14.62%), and RBC antibody release test was positive in 119 cases (56.13%). The positive detection rate of HDN in newborns was significantly higher in A blood type com-pared with B blood type (P<0.05). Comparison between gender revealed higher positivity in females than males (P<0.05). The newborns within 3 days after birth were found to be at the highest risk of HDN. Conclusion Serologic de-tection can be useful in the early diagnosis and treatment of HDN. Sample delivery time, gender and blood type of the newborns may influence the clinical outcome.