Objective To compare the clinical effects of laparoscopic surgery and open surgery in treatment of colorectal cancer, and to observe the effect of the two surgical methods on immune function. Methods From January 2010 to January 2013, 40 patients with colorectal cancer received laparoscopic surgery (laparoscopy group) and another 40 patients received open surgery (open surgery group) in the Department of Anorectal Surgery of our hospital. We compared the operation time, blood loss, the first exhaust time, time of leaving bed, length of excised specimen, total number of lymph nodes, length of stay, hospitalization expenses, postoperative complications and 1-and 3-year survival rates after surgery. Moreover, the serum levels of IgA, IgM, IgG and C reactive protein (CRP) in the peripheral blood were checked before and after operation by ELISA for observation of human immune function. Results The surgery of all patients was successfully completed, and no death occurred. The blood loss, first exhaust time, time of leaving bed and length of stay in the laparoscopy group were significantly less than those in the open surgery group, whereas the hospitalization cost was sig-nificantly higher than that in the open surgery group (P<0.05). The complication rate in open surgery group was 35%(14/40), which was significantly higher than that in the laparoscopy group 15%(6/40), P<0.05. The 1-year survival rate (91.18%vs 88.89%) and 3-year survival rate (53.84%vs 51.72%) showed no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). The two groups of patients did not significantly differ in IgA, IgG, IgM and CRP before operation. The levels of IgA, IgG and IgM at day 1 after operation were lower than those before surgery, but CRP was significantly increased (P<0.05). The levels of IgA and IgG returned to normal levels at day 7 after surgery. Compared with those in laparoscopy group, the levels of IgA and IgG did not decrease significantly at day 1 and 7 after surgery (P>0.05), whereas the level of IgM in open surgery group was significantly lower than that in laparoscopy group, and CRP was significantly higher in open surgery group than in lapa-roscopy group (P<0.05). Conclusion The laparoscopic radical surgery of colorectal cancer has the advantages of less bleed-ing, faster recovery, fewer complications and less impact on the immune function, with the same short-term survival rate achieved by the open surgery. Therefore, it is worth popularizing in clinical application.%目的：比较开腹大肠癌根治术与腹腔镜大肠癌根治术的临床疗效及其对机体免疫功能的影响。方法选取2010年1月至2013年1月期间在我院肛肠外科行腹腔镜大肠癌根治术(腔镜组)与传统开腹大肠癌根治术(开腹手术组)治疗的大肠癌患者各40例，比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术后排气时间、下床活动时间、肠管切除长度、淋巴结切除数目，住院时间，住院费用，术后并发症及术后1年、3年生存率。使用ELISA方法检测两组患者手术前后的血清IgA、IgG、IgM和C反应蛋白(CRP)水平，比较两种术式对免疫功能的影响。结果两组患者手术均顺利完成，无手术死亡患者。腔镜组患者的术中出血量、术后排气时间、下床活动时间和住院时间明显小于开腹手术组，但住院费用明显高于开腹手术组，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)；开腹组患者术后并发症发生率为35%(14/40)，明显高于腔镜组的15%(6/40)，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)；两组患者1年(91.18%vs 88.89%)和3年(53.84%vs 51.72%)生存率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)；两组患者术后第1天的IgA、IgG、IgM同术前相比均有降低，而CRP则显著升高(P<0.05)；术后第7天，IgA和IgG等指标基本恢复正常；术后第1天和第7天开腹组患者IgA和IgG比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)，开腹组IgM明显低于腔镜组，CRP则明显高于腔镜组，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜大肠癌根治术具有出血少、术后恢复快、并发症少及对机体免疫功能影响较小等明显优势，其短期生存率可以达到与开腹手术同样的效果，值得临床推广。
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