目的 分析686例遗传咨询者的染色体异常与疾病的关系.方法 采用外周血淋巴细胞培养方法常规制备染色体标本,G显带进行核型分析.结果 686例遗传咨询者中检测出染色体异常93例(13.56%),其中常染色体异常63例,占7.36%,性染色体异常30例,占3.50%.遗传咨询者常见病因有不良孕产史、习惯性流产、无精子、少精子和弱精子、原发或继发闭经史、智力低下、不孕不育症、先天畸形、第二性征异常等.结论 染色体异常是引起生育障碍和智力低下的主要原因,对高危人群进行染色体检查,对临床指导优生及提高人口素质具有重要意义.%Objective To investigate the relationship between the chromosomal abnormalities and disease in 686 subjects attending genetic counseling. Methods Chromosome specimens were prepared by culture of lymphocytes in peripheral blood. The karyotype analysis was carried out with G banding. Results Among the 686 subjects, 93 were detected with chromosomal abnormalities (13.56%), including 63 of autosomal abnormality (7.36%), 30 of chromosome abnormality (3.50%). The common causes of disease for the subjects were history of abnormal pregnancy, habitual abor-tion, azoospermia, oligozoospermia and asthenospermia, primary or secondary amenorrhea, mental retardation, infertili-ty, congenital malformation, and abnormality in secondary sex characteristics. Conclusion The chromosomal abnor-mality is a major cause of fertility disorder and mental retardation. For high-risk population, chromosome examination has important significance for guiding eugenics in clinical and improving population quality.
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