生物转化制备活性维生素 D3的研究进展

摘要

维生素D3本身没有生物活性，在体内需经羟化生成活性维生素 D3才能发挥其生理作用。目前主要通过化学合成法和微生物转化法来生产活性维生素 D3。化学合成过程复杂、污染严重，不适合工业化生产。而生物转化法条件温和，特异性强，反应步骤少，在制备活性维生素 D3中具有重要意义。综述了参与维生素 D3代谢的哺乳动物 CYP450羟化酶、维生素 D3羟化菌株及生产过程中采用的基因工程方法，并展望研究方向的发展趋势。%Vitamin D3 is biologically inactive and needs to be sequentially hydroxylated before acquiring its physiological activity.Now,there are two ways,chemical syn thesis and biological transformation,to produce active vitamin D3. The former synthesis requires a complex procedure and pollutes the environment,making it unavailable for industrialized production.In contrast to the chemical synthesis, biotransformation is a single-step process,which is mostly preferred because of its special selectivities and the mild conditions.Consequently,biological transformation of preparing active vitamin D3 is extremely significant.This authors summarized the mammalian P450 enzymes and the microorganisms involved in VD3 metabolism,meanwhile,the genetic engineering which is used is instructed and the future studies are prospected.