从生命伦理学角度看我国食品安全问题

摘要

Objective This essay is an essential study of Chinese food safety issues from the aspect of bioethics for the purpose of establishing a life-respecting food safety system. Methods By referring to both domestic and foreign documents, the author learns the speciifc phenomena of Chinese food safety issues and the essence of bioethics and points out the bioethical intension of Chinese food safety issues, which is discussed on the basis that the government, market and consumer all lack the fundamental respect towards life. In the end, the author presents a possibility of establishing a life-respecting food safety system from the aspects of government, market and consumer as solutions. Results The essence of food safety issues is to view problems appeared in the process of implementing food safety system from the aspect of morality, which concerning some bioethical concepts (life-respected right, health right, dignity, etc.) . The specific meaning is equal to the brutal exploitation of human life, specifically manifested in three aspects, namely the inhumanity of government administration, enterprises’ greed and disrespect to human life and the consumers’ disrespect to their own life. Conclusion The solutions to food safety issues can be found in three angles. The government should integrate humanity into drafting and implementing food safety system. Enterprises should establish a correct value on making proift. Consumers should raise the awareness of respecting health and life. With all these criteria matched, a sound food policy system could be established.%目的：本文旨在从生命伦理学角度，研究中国食品安全问题的内涵以及中国食品安全问题的本质，从而构建一个尊重生命的食品安全制度。方法文章通过查阅国内外文献的方法，了解中国食品安全问题的具体表现和生命伦理学的涵义，并通过理论分析，提出生命伦理学角度下的中国食品安全问题的内涵。进一步从政府、企业、消费者缺乏对生命基本尊重的角度出发，分析中国食品安全问题的本质。最后，从政府、企业和消费者这三个角度，提出构建一个尊重生命的食品安全制度。结果从生命伦理角度来看，食品安全问题内涵是指在人类赖以存活和发展的食品领域内，围绕尊重人类的生命权和健康权以及人的尊严等生命伦理学概念，对食品安全制度的制定实施过程中发生问题时而产生的道德审视，是对食品安全问题的伦理维度的探讨。食品安全问题的本质就是对人类生命的粗暴掠夺，具体表现在三方面：政府行政管理的人性欠缺，企业唯利是图，不尊重生命，消费者缺乏对自我生命的尊重。结论作者认为通过政府在制定和执行食品安全制度方面彰显人性化，企业建立正确的利益观，不唯利是图，消费者在消费观上自爱自重，去建立一个尊重生命的食品安全制度。