临床研究股骨头坏死人工髋关节置换股骨柄假体的疲劳寿命分析

摘要

目的 了解人工关节置换股骨柄假体疲劳断裂的力学特性.方法 基于股骨头坏死患者CT资料建立坏死股骨头三维模型和三维人工髋关节置换模型,采用疲劳断裂的有限元分析方法,分析在生理循环载荷作用下的人工髋关节模型的疲劳寿命.结果 疲劳寿命分析发现,假体颈、假体柄中下部附近区域的应力集中,疲劳寿命值小,安全系数低,发生疲劳断裂可能性大.结论 生理载荷下的模拟结果与相关的临床结果相吻合,为股骨头坏死人工髋关节置换的设计和临床应用提供了理论指导,也为全髋关节置换的生物力学研究提供了一个较为理想的方法.%Objective To investigate the mechanical properties of the fatigue fracture of the femoral components. Methods Fatigue life under physiological cyclic loading model was evaluated with finite element analysis. Three - dimensional model of the femoral head and three - dimensional artificial hip joint replacement model were established based on CT data of patients with femoral head necrosis. Results The neck of the prosthesis and the nearby area of the lower part were likely to be fracture due to stress concentration, small value of fatigue life and the low safety factor. Conclusion The physiological load simulation results are consistent with the relevant clinical outcomes, which provides theoretical guidance for the design and clinical application of artificial hip replacement for femoral head necrosis, moreover provides an ideal method for biomechanical study of total hip replacement.