“东优1号”杂色鲍及其亲本群体肌肉营养成分的比较分析

摘要

对日本、台湾杂色鲍及其杂交后代（“东优1号”）足肌的营养成分进行比较分析。结果表明，“东优1号”的粗蛋白含量显著低于日本群体但高于台湾群体，粗脂肪含量高于双亲；“东优1号”和日本群体足肌的EAA、总氨基酸及呈味氨基酸的含量均显著高于台湾群体（P ＜0．05）；3种鲍足肌的 SRCAA 均大于80％，且E／T、E／N 均符合 FAO／WHO 的蛋白模式；“东优1号”的饱和脂肪酸（SFA）和必需脂肪酸（EFA）总量均显著低于双亲，不饱和脂肪酸总量显著低于台湾群体而高于日本群体，多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）n-6和 n-3的比值低于双亲，ΣPUFA 与ΣSFA 的比值高于双亲。3种鲍足肌均含有种类齐全、比例合理的氨基酸，脂肪酸营养丰富、结构均衡，具有较高的营养价值，是优质的蛋白源。“东优1号”的营养成分较好地综合了双亲的优良性状，部分性状优于双亲，更符合人类健康饮食的要求。%The nutritional components from foot muscle of RITAI Haliotis diversicolor (Japan population and Taiwan population)and their reciprocal hybrids (‘Dongyou 1 ’)were comparatively analyzed according to the national standard method.The protein content in ‘Dongyou 1’was significantly lower than that of Japan population but higher than that of Taiwan population,while the lipid content in ‘Dongyou 1’was higher than its parents.Total amino acids (TAA),essential amino acids (EAA)and delicious amino acids (DAA)in ‘Dongyou 1 ’and Japan population are higher than Taiwan population (P <0.05).SRCAA of all the 3 groups are higher than 80%,and E/T and E/N of them are consistent with the FAO/WHO proteinaceous model.Contents of saturated fatty acid (SFA) and essential fatty acid (EFA)in ‘Dongyou 1 ’were lower than its parents;Content of unsaturated fatty acid (UFA)in ‘Dongyou 1’was between that of Taiwan population and Japan population.ΣPUFA (n-6)/ΣPUFA (n - 3 )of ‘Dongyou 1 ’was lower than its parents,and ΣPUFA/ΣSFA of ‘Dongyou 1 ’was higher than its parents.All the 3 kinds of foot muscles contained complete and equilibratory amino acids and fatty acids,and have been proved to be nutritive protein sources,furthermore,Dongyou No.1 may be preferable than its parents for healthy diet.