菊黄东方鲀(♀)×红鳍东方鲀(♂)F1代及其亲本肌肉营养成分的比较分析

摘要

The nutrient components in muscles was comparatively analyzed in crossbreed F1 between puffer Takifugu flavidus ( ♀ ) and T. rubripes ( ♂ ) and its 3 year old parents farmed. The results showed that the crossbreed F1 had significantly higher crude fat content, ash content and total essential amino acids than its parents (P< 0. 05), while similar crude protein content to its parents. It was found that the crossbreed F1 showed significantly higher total tasty amino acids than T. rubripes ( P<0. 05 ) did, significantly higher ash content and total amino acids than the parents ( P<0. 05 ) , while similar crude protein content to the parents. There was no significant difference in total saturated fatty acid content among the fish, while there was significant lower total unsaturated fatty acid level in the crossbreed F1 than that in T. flavidus (P<0. 05). Crossbreed F1 was found rich in minerals K, P, Na, Mg, Ca and Se, especially higher K content than T. flavidus(P<0. 05) . There was no significant difference in K content between crossbreed F1 and T. rubripes. The P contents in the crossbreed F1 were found to be in the middle between T. rubripes and T. flavidus(P<0. 05) , with significant difference among the fish. The Na content in crossbreed F1 was significantly higher than that in the parents (P<0. 05). There was significantly higher Se content in the crossbreed F1 than in T. rubripes(P<0. 05). The muscle quality revealed that crossbreed F, had essential amino acid index (EAAI) of 86.38, significantly higher than the parents (P<0. 05) , showing on some extent heterosis. It is concluded that the muscle in the crossbreed F1 is characterized by higher protein, amino acids and minerals contents, and lower fat content.%对菊黄东方鲀Takif-ugu flavidus(♀)×红鳍东方鲀T.rubripes(♂)F1代(简称杂交东方鲀)及其亲本(均为人工养殖的3龄鱼)肌肉营养成分进行了测定与分析.结果表明:杂交东方鲀肌肉粗蛋白质与亲本无显著性差异(P＞0.05),粗脂肪、粗灰分和必需氨基酸总量显著高于两亲本(P＜0.05)；杂交东方鲀肌肉鲜味氨基酸含量与菊黄东方鲀无显著性差异(P＞0.05),而显著高于红鳍东方鲀(P＜0.05)；杂交东方鲀肌肉饱和脂肪酸含量与亲本无显著性差异(P＞0.05),不饱和脂肪酸含量与红鳍东方鲀无显著性差异(P＞0.05),而显著高于菊黄东方鲀(P＜0.05)；杂交东方鲀富含K、P、Na、Mg、Ca和Se等元素,其中K含量显著高于菊黄东方鲀(P＜0.05),P含量介于两亲本之间且有显著性差异(P＜0.05),Na含量显著高于两亲本(P＜0.05),Se含量显著高于红鳍东方鲀(P＜0.05)；杂交东方鲀必需氨基酸指数(86.38)显著高于两亲本(P＜0.05).本研究表明,杂交东方鲀的肌肉营养成分综合了双亲的优良性状,是一种高蛋白、低脂肪且富含必需氨基酸、不饱和脂肪酸及微量元素的优质鱼类.