两个黄河鲤鱼群体肌纤维特性及肌肉营养成分分析

摘要

为了给河南黄河鲤鱼的种质资源保护以及肉质的改良提供科学依据,试验以人工养殖的河南黄河鲤鱼和野生黄河鲤鱼为研究对象,分为野生组、养殖组,测定这两组鱼的肌纤维直径和密度以及肌肉常规营养成分、机体必需微量矿物质元素钙和磷的含量以及氨基酸组成.结果表明,野生组黄河鲤鱼的水分含量显著高于养殖组(P<0.05),粗脂肪以及粗蛋白质含量显著低于养殖组(P<0.05);养殖组黄河鲤鱼7种必需氨基酸总量和氨基酸总量均略高于野生组(P>0.05);野生组黄河鲤鱼的磷含量略高于养殖组(P>0.05),钙含量低于养殖组(P>0.05).肌纤维特征分析表明,两个群体黄河鲤鱼的肌纤维直径平均值差异显著(P<0.05),肌纤维密度差异极显著(P<0.01).%The aim was to protect the Henan Yellow River carp germplasm resources and provide a scientific basis for the meat quality improvement of Yellow River carps. With artificially farmed and wild Henan Yellow River carps as the research objects, comparative study on muscle fiber diameter and density, routine nutritional composition, calcium and phosphorus contents and amino acids composition was conducted between the two groups of carps. The results showed that the moisture content was significantly higher (P <0.05), the crude fat and crude protein contents were significantly lower (P<0.05), the essential amino acids and total amino acids contents were lower (P>0.05), the phosphorus content was higher (P >0.05), and the calcium content was lower (P>0.05) in the wild group compared with those in the farming group. The analysis of muscle fiber characteristics showed that there were significant differences in the average muscle fiber diameter (P<0.05) and muscle fiber density (P<0.01) between the two groups of Henan Yellow River carps.