环杭州湾围垦养殖区凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)池塘水质特征及污染物排放研究

摘要

This study was carried out on water quality and main pollutants of Litopenaeus vannamei ponds in the reclama-tion region around Hangzhou Bay from July 2016 to October 2016 to evaluate the pollution status of the aquaculture water and reduce aquaculture risks.The water quality and main pollutants were evaluated by pollution index method and compre-hensive nutrition state index method.The results indicated that the water quality of Litopenaeus vannamei ponds in the recla-mation region around Hangzhou Bay was worse than class V surface water, TN, TP and COD were the main exceeding fac-tor.Pollution index evaluation method results revealed that the status of Litopenaeus vannamei ponds in the reclamation re-gion around Hangzhou Bay was heavy polluted, TP was the primary pollutant.Meanwhile, comprehensive nutrition state in-dex evaluation method results showed that TLI (Σ) value for most ponds was higher than 60, the water was evaluated as moderate-hypertrophic eutrophication.%为探明浙江省环杭州湾围垦养殖区养殖水体污染状况,降低养殖风险,2016年7-10月对环杭州湾围垦养殖区凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)池塘水质现状和主要污染情况进行了研究,并采用水质污染指数评价法和综合营养状态指数评价法对凡纳滨对虾池塘水质和主要污染物进行了评价和分析.水质分析结果显示,环杭州湾围垦养殖区凡纳滨对虾池塘水质均劣于地表水环境质量标准Ⅴ类水,其中TN、TP和COD为主要的超标因子.污染指数评价法评价结果显示,环杭州湾围垦养殖区凡纳滨对虾池塘均为严重污染状态,其中,总磷为首要污染物.综合营养状态指数法结果显示,大部分池塘的综合营养状态指数TLI(∑)都达到了60以上,均为中度-重度富营养化水体.