中国历史上的国家治理思想中，孟子的政治哲学，以王霸之辨为核心，以性善论为人性根据，以不忍之心推及不忍政治，推崇古圣先贤的内圣外王之道。孟子政治思想的突出特色在于政治与道德的相互融合。本文主要立足于儒学的政治思想，分别从君-民、君-臣、君-士这三对主要的政治关系来具体阐述孟子道德政治哲学的思想内涵，具体探析中国历史上国家治理之儒家政治哲学的价值意义及其现实价值，并参照西方社会的民主宪政理念，指出儒家政治哲学实现现代化转型之路。%In China’s history, Mencius’political philosophy was one of the most important concepts for na-tional governance. Of which the core is the distinction between ruling by kingcraft and ruling by domineering. This political philosophy is based on the theory of original goodness of human nature, which values the principle of saint inside and king outside of ancient sages, and tries to apply the mind that cannot bear to see the suffering of others to the politics that cannot bear to see the suffering of others. The notable character of Mencius’political concept is the integration of morality and politics. This article grounds on Confucian political concept, interprets concretely the connotation of Mencius’moral and political philosophy from three political relationships:the relationship between king and minister, the relationship between king and people, the relationship between king and scholar, and discuss-es the significance and modern value of Confucian’s political philosophy , as well as points out its way of modern transformation, referring to idea of democratic constitutionalism in western society.
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