萝卜籽油的提取工艺及其组分分析

摘要

水预处理后用二氯甲烷作溶剂提取萝卜籽中的油脂,在单因素试验基础上,以液固比、提取温度、提取时间为因变量,萝卜籽油提取率为响应值,采用响应面分析法优化提取工艺。获得的最佳提取工艺条件为液固比21.8：1（mL/g）、提取时间1.76h、提取温度27.3℃,在此条件下萝卜籽油的提取率为35.58%,提取效率达9 5.3 8%;萝卜籽油中含有多种脂肪酸,其中芥酸、油酸、亚油酸、二十碳一烯酸、α-亚麻酸含量较高,不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸的量超过88%,莱菔素含量达89.5mg/kg。%Water pretreatment followed by dichloromethane extraction was used to extract radish seed oil.One-factor-at-a-time experiments and subsequence response surface analysis were conducted to optimize temperature,extraction time and material/ liquid ratio based on oil yield.The optimal extraction conditions were found to be material/liquid ratio of 1：21.8,extraction duration of 1.76 h and extraction temperature of 27.3 ℃.Under these conditions,the yield of radish seed oil was 35.58% and the extraction recovery was calculated as 95.38% relative to 37.30% of the crude fat content in radish seeds as determined by Soxhlet extraction.In addition,many kinds of fatty acids were detected in radish seed oil,including mustard acid,oleic acid,linoleic acid,eicosadienoic acid and linolenic acid.Unsaturated fatty acids accounted for 88% of the total fatty acids and the content of sulforaphene in radish seed oil was 89.5 mg/kg.