LuxS/AI-2型群体感应系统调控细菌生物被膜形成研究进展

摘要

Themajority of bacteriaform biofilms for growth and development and bacteria within biofilms may better adapt to environment than their planktonic counterparts. LuxS-dependent quorum sensing is a widespread system used by bacteria for cell-to-cell communication, which can regulate biofilm formation in a cell density-dependent manner. Autoinducer 2 (AI-2) produced by LuxS, is a species-nonspecific signal used by both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria for biofilm formation. Currently, several inhibitors of LuxS/AI-2 quorum sensing have been determined to influence biofilm formation based on their anti-AI-2 communication mechanisms. Recently, there has been a surging interest in the mechanism of biofilm regulation by LuxS/AI-2 quorum sensing system, which is important to better understand the relationship between LuxS-dependent QS system and biofilm formation.%生物被膜是大多数细菌在自然状态下的一种生长方式，使菌体具有浮游态时不具有的优势。它的形成和发展受到群体感应系统的调控，该系统是细菌依赖于群体密度而调控其生理行为的一种机制。其中LuxS/2型自诱导物（autoinducer 2，AI-2）群体感应系统又称种间群体感应系统，广泛存在于G＋及G－菌中。其信号分子AI-2被认为是种间通用的信号分子，参与调控多种细菌的生物被膜。此外，目前已发现多种LuxS/AI-2型群体感应系统抑制剂，它们可以影响许多细菌生物被膜的形成。目前研究人员已开始致力于揭示LuxS/AI-2型群体感应系统调控生物被膜形成的分子机制，这对于进一步理解LuxS/AI-2型群体感应系统与生物被膜的关系具有重要意义。