3种低值海参中海参多糖的提取分离及化学组成研究

摘要

海参是我国重要的经济水产品,具有多种营养及生理调节功能.海参多糖是海参的主要功效成分之一.文中以3种低值海参-黄玉参(Stichopus naso)、沙参(Holothuria floridana)及土耳其参(Holothuria tubulosa)为实验原料,在利用分子生物学方法确认其种属的基础上,提取其中的海参多糖,并利用阴离子交换层析分离纯化出海参硫酸软骨素及海参岩藻聚糖硫酸酯2种组分.分别采用柱前衍生-HPLC法、离子色谱法及高效凝胶排阻色谱法分析各样品的单糖组成、硫酸根含量及分子质量.结果表明:海参多糖及其组分的化学组成随海参来源的不同而存在差异.%Sea cucumbers have various biological activities.Polysaccharide is one of the major functional components in sea cucumbers.In this study,three low-price sea cucumbers Stichopus naso,Holothuria floridana and Holothuria tubulosa were used as materials.After the species identification by molecular biological method,crude polysaccharide were extracted,separated and purified by anion exchange chromatography.As a result,sea cucumber chondroitin sulphate (SC-CHS) and sea cucumber fucoidan (SC-FUC) were obtained.PMP-HPLC method,ion chromatography and High performance size exclusion chromatography were respectively used to analyze monosaccharide composition,sulfate content and molecular weight of each sample.Results showed that the chemical composition of crude polysaccharides,SC-CHS and SC-FUC exacted from different sea cucumber were different.This study was the first research on polysaccharides of Stichopus naso,Holothuria floridana and Holothuria tubulosa,and would be beneficial to the utilization of three sea cucumbers.