复合材料离心叶轮应力和振动有限元计算与分析

摘要

采用有限元方法,首先对钢制离心叶轮工作时在离心力作用下的应力进行了计算和分析.在此基础上,对复合材料离心叶轮在离心力载荷条件下的最大应力和固有频率进行了计算评估.预测纤维复合材料层压结构极限强度对叶轮安全设计和轻量化设计是至关重要的,失效判定采用Tsai-Wu失效准则,为避免因共振使叶轮设计寿命明显降低,计算了叶轮的固有频率和模态振型以分析其动态特性.结果表明,复合材料碳纤维/环氧树脂可承受叶轮线速度在605 m/s运行时的应力,在风机启停工作转速范围内没有共振转速相匹配.本文研究结果为纤维增强复合材料风机叶轮的设计及应用奠定了基础.%The stresses of the steel centrifugal impeller were calculated and analyzed under the action of centrifugal force by using the finite element method.Based on that,the maximum stresses under operating loading conditions particular to centrifugal force and natural frequencies of composite centrifugal impellers were calculated and evaluated.The ability to predict fiber composite laminates ultimate strength is critical in the design of safe and lightweight for impellers,the Tsai-Wu failure criterion is used to determine failures.In order to avoid resonance which can make impellers suffer a significant reduction in the design life,the designer must calculate the natural frequency and modal shape of impeller to analyze the dynamic characteristics.The results show that composite material Carbon fiber/Epoxy enables the impeller to run at high tip speed of 605 m/s and withstand the stresses;no resonance speed will be matched during start-up and shut-down.The research results of this paper lay a foundation for design and application of the fiber reinforced composites fan impellers.