生食三文鱼中副溶血性弧菌污染调查及耐药性分析

摘要

探究了广州市售生食三文鱼中副溶血性弧菌的污染状况及分离株的耐药性,为生食三文鱼的食用安全及食源性疾病的防控提供依据.2016年在广州市的批发市场、农贸市场和超市共采集生食三文鱼65份,副溶血性弧菌的分离按照GB 4789.7—2013方法,采用全自动微生物鉴定仪进行副溶血性弧菌的鉴定及药敏试验.2016年广州市生食三文鱼副溶血性弧菌总体检出率为35.38%.7月副溶血性弧菌检出率最高(50%),10月次之,最低为1月.批发市场、农贸市场和超市的副溶血性弧菌检出率分别为45%,9%、9%,三者间有极显著差异(P<0.01).从65份样品中分离得到63株副溶血性弧菌,分离株的药敏分析发现,所有分离株对阿莫西林、头孢他啶、头孢曲松、头孢吡肟、氨曲南、亚胺培南、美罗培南、阿米卡星、庆大霉素、环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星和呋喃妥因等12种抗生素敏感,少数菌株对复方新诺明耐药(6.35%),大多数菌株对氨苄西林耐药(98.41%).广州市售生食三文鱼中副溶血性弧菌污染较严重,分离的副溶血性弧菌存在一定程度的耐药情况,今后应加强对生食三文鱼中副溶血性弧菌的监测和抗生素的使用管理.%The isolation,identification and drug resistance of pathogen Vibrio parahaemolyticus were car-ried out in 65 samples of edible raw Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar)collected from wholesale markets,tra-ditional markets and supermarkets in Guangzhou in 2016 according to GB 4789.7—2013 method and by au-tomatic microbial identification system to evaluate the contamination status and drug resistance of V.parahaemolyticus in edible raw salmon in Guangzhou,and to provide references for food safety of edi-ble raw salmon and prevention and control of foodborne diseases.It was found that the detection rate of V.parahaemolyticus was 35.38%(23/65)in edible raw salmon in Guangzhou in 2016,the peak detection rate(50%)in July,followed by in October,and the minimal in January.The detection rate was 45% in wholesale markets,9% in traditional markets and 9% in supermarkets,with very significant difference a-mong different sample sites(P<0.01).The drug sensitive test revealed that 63 strains of V.parahaemo-lyticus isolated from 65 samples showed highly sensitive to 12 antibiotics such as amoxicillin,ceftriaxone, ceftazidime,cefepime,aztreonam,imipenem,meropenem,amikacin,gentamicin,ciprofloxacin,levoflox-acin and nitrofurantoin.A few strains(6.35%)had resistant to co-trimoxazole,and most of the strains (98.41%)generally resistant to ampicillin.The edible raw salmons from Guangzhou markets were highly contaminated by V.parahaemolyticus and the isolated strains had drug resistance to a certain extent,indi-cating that it was necessary to strengthen monitoring of V.parahaemolyticus in raw edible salmons and management of antibiotics usage in future.