建设海绵城市是中国落实生态文明的重要举措,它强调"自然积存、自然渗透、自然净化"的理念,目前已上升到中国国家战略层面,已有30个城市(如济南、武汉、厦门、北京、天津、上海等)开展了海绵城市建设试点工作.但中国海绵城市的研究和实践尚处在初级阶段,注重工程性措施而忽视了配套的非工程性措施,尚存在诸多亟需解决的难点问题.文章从海绵城市的提出背景入手,首先介绍了海绵城市的概念和理论内涵,包括建设海绵城市的基本原则、规划核心、预期目标以及理论本质等方面,然后从理论、技术和实践3个层面总结了中国海绵城市研究进展,重点介绍了这3个层面的主要研究内容和成果;最后从基础理论体系建设、城市面源污染治理技术、现有建成区的改造、建造和运行中的商业模式、非工程性设施建设等5个方面,指出了当前中国建设海绵城市有待深入解决的问题,为今后海绵城市的研究指明了方向.%The construction of sponge city is an important measure to implement Chinese ecological civilization with emphasizing the concept of "natural accumulation, natural infiltration and natural purification", which has been risen to the national strategic level in China. Now, there are 30 cities (such as Ji'nan, Wuhan, Xiamen, Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai, et al.) carried out the construction of sponge city, but the research and practice of sponge city is still at the primary stage in China which emphasized engineering measures and ignored non engineering measures. This paper firstly introduced the concept and connotation of the sponge city (including the basic principles, core planning, expected target and theoretical essence to construct the sponge city), and summarized the progress of sponge city research in China from theory, technology and practice aspects, then focused on introducing the main research contents and achievements of the three aspects. Finally, some problems that need to be further studied were discussed, such as the construction of basic theory system, the technology of non-point source pollution control, the transformation of the existing built-up area, the commercial model of construction and operation and the construction of non-engineering facilities, and pointed out the problems that need to be solved in the construction of sponge city in China presently and the direction of the research of sponge city in the future.
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