2016年6月哈尔滨地区降水异常环流特征分析

摘要

The precipitation anomalies in Harbin in June 2016 were more than twice as many as the same calendar year.The average monthly precipitation in the city was the first in the same period since 1961.Based on the monthly precipitation data and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data,the characteristics and causes of precipitation anomalies in Harbin area in June 2016 were analyzed. The results showed that:(1)The emergence and development of blocking high pressure in the west of the Okhotsk Sea is the main reason for the abnormal precipitation in Harbin in June 2016.(2) The characteristics of the circulation configuration of the water vapor transport in the middle,high latitudes and lower levels play a key role.The humid characteristics of the whole area in Harbin provides favorable and abundant water vapor conditions for the abnormal precipitation in the region. (3)The strong convergence of surface layer and severe divergence of high level enhance the pumping action of the atmosphere.Furthermore,the configuration causes strong vertical upward motion over the heavy rainfall.The high and low level circulation configuration is conducive to enhance the upward movement,and more favorable to strong precipitation.%2016年6月哈尔滨地区降水出现异常,比历年同期多一倍,全市月降水量为1961年以来同期第1位.该文利用地面月降水量资料及NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,对哈尔滨地区2016年6月降水异常特征及成因进行了分析.结果表明:(1)鄂霍茨克海以西位置的阻塞高压的出现和发展是造成哈尔滨地区2016年6月降水异常偏多的主要原因.(2)中高纬度和低层的水汽输送的环流配置特征起到了关键的作用,为该地区降水异常偏多提供了充沛的水汽条件.(3)近地面层强辐合,高层强辐散的配置增强了大气的抽吸作用,导致较大降雨区上空出现较强的垂直上升运动,此高低空环流配置有利于增强上升运动,更有利于产生强降水.