信用信息收集和使用的基本原则探讨

摘要

The basic principle for credit information collection and application is not only for the need of protecting the rights and interests of information subjects, but also for the need of standardizing related agencies’ business in credit industry.The principles for protecting personal privacy and guaranteeing fairness are the most fundamental;these require that the information referring to individual privacy and affecting fair credit-granting cannot be collected at random, and further more cannot be used as a variable for personal credit evaluation models.The principle of evi-dence will normalize the behavior of agencies that collect and preserve personal credit information, and prevent the arbitrary collection of personal information.The principle of right-to-know is the guarantee for the information sub-jects to know which credit information is collected.The principle of negative-behavior-noticing is aimed at more neg-ative sensitive information.The principle of right-to-objection is the necessity to maintain the accuracy of credit in-formation.The implementation of the principles needs the cooperation of institutions that collect and preserve infor-mation with credit-granting institutions, and should be their legal obligations.%信用信息收集和使用的基本原则既是保护信息主体权益的需要，也是规范信用行业相关机构业务的需要。保护个人隐私和保障公平的原则最为根本，该原则要求那些纳入个人隐私和影响公平授信的信息不能随意被搜集，更不能作为个人信用评估模型的变量。证据原则能规范搜集与保存个人信用信息的机构行为，防止任意搜集个人信息。知情权原则是对信息主体了解那些信用信息被搜集的保障。不利行为通知原则针对的是更为敏感的负面信息。异议权原则是维护信用信息准确性之必需。这些原则的贯彻更需要搜集和保存信用信息专业机构、授信机构的配合，并应成为其法定义务。