陆地棉体细胞胚胎发生过程中的细胞外基质研究

摘要

Research on somatic embryogenesis of Gossypium hirsutum L.significantly contributes to the progress in cotton genetic engineering breeding.Dynamic variations in structure during cotton somatic embryogenesis were observed with scanning and transmission electron microscopy.A net-like structure formed on the surface of the proembryo callus as the normal callus developed into an embryogenic callus,gradually degrading with the development and formation of embryos.This phenomenon was not observed in the callus and non-embryogenic callus.The results suggest that the extracellular matrix is linked to the acquisition of embryogenic competency of cotton embryogenic calli.%研究棉花体细胞胚胎发生对于促进棉花基因工程育种具有重要意义.利用扫描电镜和透射电镜对陆地棉体细胞胚胎发生过程的研究发现,细胞外基质在棉花体细胞胚胎发生的不同阶段呈现出有规律的动态变化.当普通愈伤组织细胞发育成胚性愈伤组织时,细胞外基质就会出现；随着原胚的形成,细胞外基质就会形成发达的网络状结构；随着胚状体的进一步形成和发育,细胞外基质则逐渐降解.在愈伤组织和非胚性愈伤组织中,始终未发现细胞外基质.结果表明,细胞外基质与体细胞胚胎发生能力关系密切,是原胚形成的重要标记.