基于马斯洛需求层次理论的空巢老人自杀问题探究

摘要

The aging problem is becoming more and more serious in our country. The old man suicide problem,especially the empty nesters suicide accounts for a significant proportion. Accord-ing to Maslow's hierarchy of needs,the reason can be concluded into four kinds of demand deficien-cy,respectively the demand for physical and mental health,daily care needs,love and belonging needs,and sense of worth. The four levels of demand deficiency are likely to lead to the empty-nesters suicide. Under the guidance of Maslow's hierarchy of needs,some targeted prevention meas-ures can be taken to reduce the phenomenon of empty-nesters suicide.%我国老龄化问题越来越严重，老人自杀问题凸显，其中空巢老人的自杀占很大比例。根据马斯洛需求层次理论，可以把空巢老人自杀的原因归为四种需求的缺失，分别是身心健康的需求、日常照顾的需求、爱和归属的需求和价值感的需求。这四种层面的需求缺失都可能会导致空巢老人的自杀。在马斯洛需求层次理论的指导下，根据空巢老人不同层次的需求缺失有针对性的采取预防措施，可以在一定程度上减少空巢老人的自杀现象。