北斗宽波束'U'型槽双频微带天线的设计

摘要

基于北斗导航系统的实际通信需求,要求接收天线具有多频带、宽波束、小型化等特点,为此选定设计一款矩形贴片微带天线;结合微带天线的双频圆极化理论,采用同轴线的馈电方法,设计了一款在贴片上开"U"型槽的双频微带天线,使微带天线可以同时工作在北斗B2频段(1210 ± 10 M Hz)和B3频段(1268 ± 10 M Hz),实现了微带天线的双频化,而且减小了天线尺寸;通过 HFSS对该天线进行了仿真和参数优化,结果表明,天线回波损耗S11小于 -20 dB;天线增益大于3 dB;双频内的轴比小于6 dB;具有较宽的波束,较好的圆极化性能,较小的尺寸,可达到设计要求;而且,电路的设计方法简单,制作工艺简单,可为实际的应用提供参考.%Because of the specific demand for Beidou navigation system,the system requests the antenna to be,more band,wide beam, compact and portable,so that we select the design of broadband rectangular patch microstrip antenna.In accordance with micro -strip anten-na dual-frequency circular polarization theory and Coaxial feed,the micro -strip antenna is operated simultaneously in the Beidou B2band (1 210 ± 10 M Hz)and the B3band(1 268 ± 10 M Hz)by opening the " U"solt on the patch to realize the dual frequency of the microstrip antenna.The design method of this paper is simple and the simulation and parameter optimization of the antenna are carried out by HFSS. The results show that its return loss below -20 dB;its gain more than 3 dB in the bandwidth;the axial ratio of the antenna below 6 dB.The results show that the beam has good circular polarization performance,wide beam and the design requirements are achieved.Moreover,the circuit design method is simple,the making process is simple,and this can provide reference for the actual application.