破产程序中债务人的环境责任--国外司法实践与公共政策分析

摘要

破产法和环境法是美英等国非常重要的法律，破产法的目的在于给与债务人新的重整机会和破产财产的价值最大化以供债权人分配；环境法的目的在于预防和修复污染，保护环境。在破产程序中，如债务人负有环境责任，则两个法律发生了冲突：对于清理费用是否会构成破产债权、修复命令和禁令是否可执行以及破产时受托人是否可以放弃财产，司法实践中有不同的解释，产生不同的标准，削弱了法律的确定性，削弱了污染者付费原则，对此需要进行公共政策分析。%The bankruptcy law and environmental law are the two very important laws in developed country .Bankruptcy law aims to give the debtor fresh beginning and maximize the value of the bankruptcy property for creditor distribution ;the environmental law aims to not only prevent and remediate pollution but also protect environment .Under the situation of the bankruptcy of the debtor , they are in conflict .About whether cleaning up cost will constitute bankruptcy claims , whether remediation order and injunction are executable and whether the bankruptcy trustee can abandon property , the courts have different explanations and apply different standards , impairing the certainty of law and principle of polluter pay.So it is necessary to use public policy analysis .