以4-乙烯基吡啶（VP）和1,4-对二氯苄（PXDC）为原料，通过自由基聚合和季铵化交联反应，制得了一种高度交联的离子液体聚合物——PVP-PXDC。采用凝胶渗透色谱法、元素分析法、红外光谱分析法、扫描电镜、热重分析及比表面积分析等分析方法对离子聚合物的组成、结构、形貌、热稳定性及比表面积、孔结构参数等进行了表征，并考察了吸附剂的脱硫性能。结果表明，先通过聚合得到重均分子量16万以上的 PVP 线性聚合物，再在 DMF 溶剂中按 VP 与 PXDC 摩尔比2：1加入交联剂，可得到平均孔径为17.8 nm 聚合离子液体介孔材料，其热分解温度在250℃以上，比表面积为56.9 m2·g−1。在油/剂质量比50：1和30℃条件下，其对1000 mg·kg−1模型油中二苯并噻吩（DBT）、苯并噻吩（BT）和噻吩（T）的吸附量分别为5.65、5.48和4.53 mg S·g−1，远高于常规吡啶基离子液体，吸附等温线符合 Freundlich 方程。%By using 4-vinyl pyridine (VP) and p-xylylene dichloride (PXDC), a PVP-PXDC, a highly crosslinked polymerized ionic liquid, was synthesized through radical polymerization and quaternary crosslinking reaction. In terms of composition, structure, morphology, thermal stability, specific surface area and pore structure of the ionic liquid polymer, it has been characterized by techniques of gel permeation chromatography, elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermo gravimetric analyzer and N2-adsorption, respectively, followed by the performance evaluation as adsorbent for desulfurization. It showed that the mesoporous ionic liquid polymer features 17.8 nm of average pore size, 56.9 m2·g−1 of specific area of and above 250℃ of decomposition temperature. The ionic liquid polymer was achieved by synthesis of the linear PVP polymer (160000 of weight-based mean molecular weight) followed by crosslinking with PXDC at molar ratio of VP/PXDC of 2:1 in DMF solvent. Its adsorption capacities for 1000 mg·kg−1 DBT, BT and T in a representative oil, are 5.65, 5.48 and 4.53 mg S·g−1 at 303 K and mass ratio of oil/adsorbent of 50:1, respectively, which are much higher than those of conventional pyridinium based ionic liquids. Moreover, the adsorption isotherms follow Freundlich equation.
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