Objective To understand the main causes of different crowds death and the disease influencing factors to life expectancy in Chongqing and further to analyze the harm degrees of different diseases in order to provide the scientific basis for deciding the strategies of disease control and health promotion purposefully. Methods The data in the all death monitoring stations of Chongqing in 2010 were collected and arranged. The mortality, life expectancy, cause eliminated life expectancy and the years of potential life lost(YPLL) were calculated. Results The average life expectancy of Chongqing is 76. 5 years, which belongs to the high life value area in the western provinces,but less than other municipalities and some developed coastal provinces and cities. The first five death causes were as follows:circulatory system diseases,tumor,respiratory diseases,injuries and poisonings and digestive system disease. To different groups of people,the sequence of death causes is almost consistency,but the death rate exists the diversity in different gender and region people. If wiping out these five causes of death,the life expectancy will be heightened by 4. 22,2. 50, 2. 01,1. 26,0. 27 years respectively. Different diseases have different influencing degrees to the life span of different crowds. The greatest threat leading to earlier death of the residents is cancer,especially lung-cancer. Secondly,the kind of injuries and poisonings is another menace,represented by traffic and unexpected accident. The earlier death because of suicide behaviors is the main reason to accidental death, which also cannot be ignored. Conclusion The life expectancy of Chongqing area needs to be further improved. It is very necessary to strengthen the research of the strategy of prevention and control heart cerebrovascular disease, malignant tumor and unintentional injuries.%目的 了解重庆地区男女及城乡不同人群的主要死因及其对期望寿命的疾病影响因素,分析各类疾病的危害程度,为制订疾病控制和健康促进策略提供科学依据.方法 收集整理2010年重庆地区全死因监测点数据,计算死亡率、期望寿命、去死因期望寿命、潜在减寿损失年数、减寿率等指标,分析居民死亡和减寿的主要原因.结果 2010年重庆地区人口期望寿命值为76.5岁,在西部地区属于高寿命值地区,但低于其他直辖市及部分沿海发达省市;处于死因构成前5位的分别是循环系统疾病、肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、损伤中毒和消化系统疾病;不同人群的死因顺位基本一致,但在不同性别、不同地区的病死率存在差异;去除前5位死因后,人均期望寿命可分别增加4.22、2.50、2.01、1.26、0.27岁,各类疾病对不同人群的寿命影响程度不同;对居民早死威胁最大的是恶性肿瘤,以肺癌为首,其次是以交通事故、意外死亡为主的损伤中毒类;自杀行为导致的早死是意外死亡的主要原因之一.结论 重庆地区人口期望寿命值有待进一步提高;加强针对不同人群心脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤以及意外伤害的防治策略研究是非常必要的.
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