目的：观察草麻黄水提物对大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)后继发性脑损伤的治疗作用并探讨其部分机制。方法SD 大鼠50只,分为模型组、对照组和3个不同浓度(4、12、36 mg/kg 草麻黄水提物)治疗组,术后3 d,各组动物脑含水量及脑组织匀浆检测丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)与羟自由基等的变化；HE 染色观测各组动物 SAH 与水肿情况；免疫组织化学及 Western blot 法检测各组动物脑组织补体 C3的表达变化。结果术后3 d,同模型组相比,12、36 mg/kg 治疗组脑组织 MDA 水平、GSH-Px 酶活力、羟自由基能力显著降低(P <0.01),4 mg/kg 治疗组的 MDA 水平变化不明显(P >0.05),但GSH-Px 酶活力与抑制羟自由基能力显著降低(P <0.01),同时,12、36 mg/kg 治疗组脑组织含水量较模型组明显降低；Western blot 与免疫组织化学显示36 mg/kg 治疗组补体 C3的表达较模型组明显降低。结论草麻黄水提物能降低脑水肿的严重程度,从而减轻炎性反应,对 SAH 动物具有较好的治疗效。%Objective To observe the therapeutic effect and mechanism of the aqueous extract of ephedra sinica on brain damage after subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH)in rats.Methods Totally 50 rats of Sprague-Dawley were randomly divided into control group,model group and three groups treated with different concentrations(4,12,36 mg/kg).The changes of the cerebral water content,malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and hydroxy radical of brain tissue were recorded,and he-matoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was used to test the subarachnoid haemorrhagia and oedema,and immunohistochemistry and western blot were carried out to assay the expression of complement C3 in brains of different animal in different group 3d after operation. Results On the postoperative 3 days,compared with the model group,the content of MDA、GSH-Px activity and hydroxyl radical of 12、36 mg/kg treatment groups significantly reduced(P <0.01 ),the content of MDA of 4 mg/kg treatment group not change (P >0.05),but GSH-Px activity and inhibition of hydroxyl radical significantly reduced(P <0.01),and the cerebral water content of 12,36 mg/kg groups were obviously lower compared with model group.The expression of complement C3 was significantly lower on 36 mg/kg treatment group and edema reduced.Conclusion The aqueous extract of ephedra could significantly inhibit the activity of complement C3,prevent the production of MDA、GSH-Px and hydroxyl radical,reduce the severity of cerebral edema and the in-flammatory response,which has a better therapeutic effect SAH animals.
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