不同钾肥种类及追施深度对烤烟经济性状和养分吸收的影响

摘要

In order to provide a scientific basis for optimal potassium fertilizer types and topdressing depth to increase tobacco production, a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different potassium fertilizer types and topdressing depth on the yield, benefit and nutrient uptake of tobacco by using split plot design with potassium fertilizer (two levels) as main treatment and dressing depths (three levels) as sub-plots. The results showed that, different potassium fertilizer, topdressing depth and their interactions had a significant effect on tobacco yield, economic value and nutrients uptake. In the same topdressing depth, compared with potassium sulfate, applying coated potassium fertilizer increased the yield and output value of tobacco, and increased by 10.6%to 15.2% and 11.0% to 18.2% respectively; Applying the same potassium fertilizer, topdressing the potassium fertilizer 20 cm effectively increased the economic benefit than 10 cm, for applying coated potassium fertilizer, topdressing depth 20 cm increased potassium, phosphorus, zinc and sulfur content in middle leaves and upper leaves than 10 cm, however. For potassium fertilizer types and potassium fertilizer types/topdressing depth interaction effect, topdressing bio-oil coated potassium fertilizer 20 cm treatment is the best, the second is topdressing humic acid coated potassium fertilizer 20 cm treatment. Under this experimental conditions, deep application coated potassium fertilizer in 20 cm soil layer can make full use of the topdressing depth and types of potassium fertilizer interaction effect, and effectively improve tobacco yield, economic benefits and potassium utilization efficiency.%为了探索适宜烤烟生产的钾肥种类及追施深度，采用大田试验方法，分析了钾肥种类及追施深度互作对烤烟产量效益和养分吸收的影响。结果显示，钾肥种类与追施深度及其互作对烟叶产量、经济效益和养分吸收有显著影响。在相同追施深度下，与硫酸钾相比，施用包膜钾肥可以使烟叶产量提高10.6%～15.2%，产值增加11.0%～18.2%；同一钾肥追施深度20 cm比10 cm能够有效提高烟叶经济效益，包膜钾肥追施深度20 cm比10 cm可使中部叶和上部叶钾含量显著提高，磷、锌和硫含量有所提高。综合分析，钾肥种类及追施深度互作表现最好的为植物油包膜钾肥追施20 cm处理，其次是腐殖酸包膜钾肥追施20 cm处理。