人工耳蜗植入儿童的教育安置及其影响因素

摘要

Objective To investigate the educational placement of children with cochlear implants and to study the adaptation level of these children and relevant influencing factors. Methods Twenty children with cochlear implants were randomly selected and their parents and teachers were interviewed by telephone. The educational placement situation and the influencing factors on the adaptability of children with cochlear implants were studied through archival analysis, field observation and recording and in-depth interview. Results The individual factors, acceptance of schools and teachers, family expectation and parents’ attitudes affected the educational placement of hearing-impaired children with cochlear implants. The hearing levels, communicative styles, peer relationship, learning stress and support of regular schools had significant effects on the adaptability of these children after receiving educational placement. Conclusion The educational placement shall be provided based on the characteristics of children and on the premise of meeting the educational needs of children, thus further providing the educational support for children with cochlear implants.%目的考察人工耳蜗植入儿童的教育安置情况、教育安置后的适应水平及其影响因素。方法抽样选取20例人工耳蜗植入儿童，通过档案分析、实地观察记录和深度访谈了解并分析被试教育安置情况及其影响因素。结果儿童个体因素、学校和教师接纳度、家庭期望值及家长态度是影响人工耳蜗植入儿童教育安置情况的因素。儿童的听力程度、沟通方式、同伴关系、学习压力及普通学校的支持力度是影响教育安置适应情况的主要原因。结论教育安置需在充分了解儿童自身特点的基础上，以满足儿童的教育需要为前提，落实人工耳蜗植入儿童的教育支持。