目的探讨应用耳声发射进行学龄前儿童听力筛查的可行性和有效性.方法32所幼儿园的7917名儿童参加了本次筛查，年龄为1.6~6.6岁，平均4.5岁.经过培训的听力筛查人员应用耳声发射筛查仪进行筛查，经过初筛和复筛，没有通过的儿童转诊至听力检测中心进行诊断性检查.结果807名儿童没有通过听力筛查，未通过率为10.2%，其中254名未通过的儿童到医院进行了听力诊断，诊断结果为分泌性中耳炎191例(伴和不伴听力损失)，耵聍栓塞47例，感音神经性听力损失9例，听力正常7例.结论使用客观、灵敏的耳声发射检测方法，能有效地进行学龄前儿童听力筛查.听力筛查只是第一步，要做好质量控制，并且建立便捷有效的诊断流程和随访机制，将筛查未通过的儿童及时转诊至专业的听力检测机构，进行诊断干预，才能真正做到早发现、早诊断、早干预.%Objective To explore the feasibility and effectiveness of otoacoustic emissions(OAE) in the hearing screening of preschool children. Methods A total of 7917 children aged 1.6-6.6 (mean age 4.5 years old) were included in this study. All the subjects received OAE test by trained personnel. The children who failed the initial and secondary screening received diagnostic examination in the hearing examination center. Results Of 7917 children, 807 (10.2%) failed to pass the hearing screening and 254 children received medical or audiological assessment in hearing examination center. In these 254 children, 191 had otitis media with effusion(with or without hearing loss),47 had excessive earwax or congestion, 9 had sensorineural hearing loss and 7 had normal hearing. Conclusion OAE can be used effectively in the hearing screening of preschool children. Hearing screening is the first step. More efforts are still needed to strengthen the quality control and to establish a convenient and effective diagnostic procedure,follow-up mechanism and referral system,thus promoting the early detection, diagnosis and intervention for preschool children with hearing impairment.
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